United Kingdom VAT Calculator & Rate
Add UK VAT to a net price or take it out of a gross (tax-inclusive) amount, with the United Kingdom's verified standard rate of 20% and its other rates preloaded. All math runs locally in your browser.
United Kingdom VAT calculator
Type an amount into any of the three boxes; the other two follow at the rate you pick.
VAT = 100.00 × 20% = 20.00; gross = 100.00 + 20.00 = 120.00
Worked in whole cents: the tax is rounded to the nearest cent (half a cent goes up) and the other amount is the difference, so the boxes always add up. From a gross amount the tax is gross × rate ÷ (100 + rate); from a typed tax amount the net is worked back and your tax amount stays as typed. Your tax authority may set its own rounding rules for invoices.
How much is VAT in the United Kingdom?
The standard VAT rate in the United Kingdom is 20%. Other rates: 5% / 0%. Source: GOV.UK / HMRC, verified 2026-09-25.
GOV.UK: standard rate 20% (from 4 January 2011, up from 17.5%); reduced rate 5% (e.g. children's car seats, home energy); zero rate 0% (e.g. most food, children's clothes).
United Kingdom VAT worked examples
Add VAT: gross = net × (1 + rate ÷ 100). Extract VAT: tax = gross × rate ÷ (100 + rate), and net = gross − tax.
| Rate | Tax share of a gross price | Net 100 → tax / gross | Net 1,000 → tax / gross | Gross 100 → tax / net | Gross 1,000 → tax / net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20% standard | 20/120 ≈ 16.6667% | 20.00 / 120.00 | 200.00 / 1,200.00 | 16.67 / 83.33 | 166.67 / 833.33 |
| 5% | 5/105 ≈ 4.7619% | 5.00 / 105.00 | 50.00 / 1,050.00 | 4.76 / 95.24 | 47.62 / 952.38 |
HMRC calls this share the VAT fraction: "with VAT at 20% the VAT fraction is: 20⁄120 (twenty one hundred and twentieths), which is the same as one-sixth" (VAT Notice 700, para 7.3.1).
Issuing a VAT-compliant invoice?
Rates are only half of it — what must appear on the invoice (tax numbers, rate per line, reverse-charge wording for cross-border B2B) is covered in the VAT & GST invoicing guide, and the free VAT invoice generator produces a compliant PDF. The full rate dataset behind this page (42 jurisdictions, source per row) is downloadable: CSV · JSON (CC BY 4.0).
United Kingdom VAT FAQ
What is the VAT rate in the United Kingdom in 2026?
The standard VAT rate in the United Kingdom is 20%. Other rates: 5% / 0%. Source: GOV.UK / HMRC, verified 2026-09-25. Rates change, so confirm against the linked source before filing anything.
How do I add VAT to a net price?
Multiply the net amount by (1 + rate ÷ 100). At 20%, a net price of 100.00 becomes 120.00 gross, of which 20.00 is VAT. The calculator on this page does it with the United Kingdom's verified rates preloaded.
How do I work out the VAT included in a gross price?
Multiply the gross (tax-inclusive) amount by rate ÷ (100 + rate), then subtract the result to get the net price. At 20% the share is 20/120 (about 16.6667%): a gross price of 100.00 contains 16.67 VAT and 83.33 net. Type the gross amount into the calculator's gross box to do this for any amount.
Where does this rate come from?
Every rate in our dataset cites the source it was checked against. For the United Kingdom, that is GOV.UK / HMRC (linked on this page), verified on 2026-09-25. The full 42-jurisdiction dataset is downloadable under CC BY 4.0, and every verification pass is logged in our public changelog.
Not tax advice. Rates and rules change; the verification date above tells you when we last confirmed this figure, not that it is still current today. Confirm against the linked official source before filing or invoicing.