United Kingdom VAT Calculator
Add VAT to a net price or extract it from a gross amount at United Kingdom's verified standard rate of 20% (reduced: 5% / 0%). All math runs locally in your browser.
Standard 20% since 4 Jan 2011, unchanged for 2026. Reduced 5% (home energy, children's car seats); zero rate on most food and children's clothes.
Breakdown
- Net amount
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- VAT (—)
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- Gross amount
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How the math works
Add VAT (forward): gross = net × (1 + rate ÷ 100)
Extract VAT (reverse): net = gross ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100)
Worked example at United Kingdom's standard rate: net 100 × (1 + 20 ÷ 100) = 120.00 gross, of which 20.00 is VAT.
Issuing a VAT-compliant invoice?
Rates are only half of it — what must appear on the invoice (tax numbers, rate per line, reverse-charge wording for cross-border B2B) is covered in the VAT & GST invoicing guide, and the free VAT invoice generator produces a compliant PDF. The full rate dataset behind this page (42 jurisdictions, source per row) is downloadable: CSV · JSON (CC BY 4.0).
United Kingdom VAT FAQ
What is the standard VAT rate in United Kingdom?
20%, per GOV.UK / HMRC (verified 2026-06-12). Reduced rates: 5% / 0%. Rates change — always confirm against the linked source before filing anything.
How do I add VAT to a net price?
Multiply the net amount by (1 + rate ÷ 100). Reverse (extracting from a gross, tax-inclusive amount): divide by (1 + rate ÷ 100). The calculator on this page does both with United Kingdom's verified rate preloaded.
Where does this rate come from?
Every rate in our dataset cites the source it was verified against — for United Kingdom, that is GOV.UK / HMRC (linked on this page), checked on 2026-06-12. The full 42-jurisdiction dataset is downloadable under CC BY 4.0, and every verification pass is logged in our public changelog.
Not tax advice. Rates and rules change; the verification date above tells you when we last confirmed this figure, not that it is still current today. Confirm against the linked official source before filing or invoicing.